Working principle of ammonia nitrogen water quality online analyzer

2025-08-06

The working principle of the Ammonia nitrogen water quality online analyzer is mainly based on the chemical reaction between ammonia nitrogen and specific reagents, indirectly calculating the concentration of ammonia nitrogen by measuring the color change or potential value change of the reaction product. Here are several common working principles: 1、 Colorimetric method Colorimetric method is the most common detection principle, and its specific steps are as follows: Chemical reaction: In alkaline medium, ammonia nitrogen (in the form of free ammonia or ammonium ions) in water samples reacts with salicylates and hypochlorite ions to form blue compounds (salicylic acid spectrophotometric method), or reacts with Nessler's reagent to form yellow brown complexes (Nessler's reagent spectrophotometric method). Absorbance measurement: By measuring the absorbance at a specific wavelength (such as 697nm or 420nm), the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in water can be indirectly calculated. The absorbance is directly proportional to the ammonia nitrogen content, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen can be calculated through a pre established calibration curve. 2、 Electrode method The electrode method uses a specific composite electrode to directly measure the ammonia nitrogen content in wa...

What are the troubleshooting methods for COD water quality online analyzer

2025-08-06

1、 Hardware troubleshooting 1. Optical system abnormality Phenomenon: Large data fluctuations, no readings or display of "optical path failure". Possible reasons: Optical window contamination (dust, oil stains, reagent crystallization). The light source (LED/xenon lamp) is aging or damaged. The sensitivity of photovoltaic cells (photodetectors) decreases. Troubleshooting steps: Clean optical window: Dip a dust-free cloth in ethanol and gently wipe to avoid scratching the surface. Check the intensity of the light source: Confirm the stability of the light source output through the device self-test function or an external optical power meter. Test the photovoltaic cell: block the light path and observe whether the signal changes as expected (if there is no change, it needs to be replaced). Case: A sewage treatment plant equipment had its optical window covered by algae, resulting in a COD reading that was 50% lower. After cleaning, it returned to normal. 2. Blockage in the flow system Phenomenon: Injection failure, unstable flow rate, or alarm of "flow path blockage". Possible reasons: Reagent crystallization (such as silver sulfate precipitation at low temperatures). Sedimentation of particulate matter (such as sediment and fibers) in water samples. Aging or impro...

What are the maintenance points for digital pH sensors

2025-08-06

1. Regular cleaning Method: Dip a soft cloth or cotton swab in water or specialized cleaning agent, gently wipe the electrode part, and avoid scratching the electrode with hard objects. Attention: Clean the electrodes promptly after measurement to prevent measurement errors caused by the attachment of pollutants (such as algae and oil stains); After cleaning, dry it with filter paper to avoid cross contamination. 2. Calibration management Frequency: Based on the usage scenario, it is recommended to calibrate once a week to once a month; High precision demand scenarios (such as laboratories) require a shorter calibration cycle. Method: Use standard buffer solutions (such as pH 4.01, pH 7.00, pH 10.01) for two-point calibration to ensure sensor response speed and stability. Temperature compensation: before calibration, adjust the temperature compensation setting of the sensor to make it consistent with the temperature of the solution to be measured (the pH value of the standard buffer solution is different at different temperatures). 3. Storage and usage environment Storage: When not in use for a long time, soak the electrode in a 3mol/L KCl solution to avoid drying and electrode aging; The storage environment should be dry, ventilated, and kept away from high temperatures, high humidity, and ...

Digital dissolved oxygen sensor application scenarios

2025-08-06

The digital dissolved oxygen sensor is widely used in scenarios that require real-time monitoring of dissolved oxygen concentration in water due to its high precision, fast response, strong anti-interference ability, and digital integration advantages. The following are typical application scenarios and specific case analysis: 1、 Aquaculture Core requirements Dissolved oxygen is a key parameter for respiration in aquatic organisms such as fish, shrimp, and crabs. Hypoxia can lead to suffocation, death, or growth retardation. Real time monitoring of dissolved oxygen in different water layers (such as pond bottoms and net cages) is required to avoid local hypoxia. Application Cases Factory based circular aquaculture: Multiple sensors are deployed in the aquaculture pool, combined with a PLC control system to automatically adjust the aerator and water flow rate, maintaining dissolved oxygen at 5-8mg/L (suitable range for fish). Pond aquaculture: Real time data is uploaded to a mobile app through buoy sensors, allowing farmers to remotely monitor changes in dissolved oxygen levels and activate oxygenation equipment in a timely manner during nighttime or rainy days. High density aquaculture: For example, in shrimp farming, dissolved oxygen levels below 3mg/L can trigger stress reactions, sensors ...

The core function of the Online Monitoring Instrument for Oil Fume Concentration

2025-08-06

1、 Core monitoring function Multi parameter real-time monitoring Oil fume concentration: Using the principle of laser scattering (such as particle aggregation light scattering method), the oil fume particles are irradiated with laser and the scattered light intensity is measured to establish a linear relationship between concentration and light intensity, achieving high-precision measurement (usually with an error of ≤± 10%). Particle concentration: Simultaneously monitor fine particulate matter such as PM2.5 and PM10 to assess the impact of air quality on health. Non methane total hydrocarbons (NMHC): Monitor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions for scenarios such as grilling and frying to prevent photochemical smog pollution. Auxiliary parameters: Integrated sensors for temperature, humidity, flue gas pressure, flow rate, etc. provide environmental background data and assist in pollution tracing. Equipment status monitoring Real time monitoring of the operating status (start stop, power, faults, etc.) of the oil fume purifier and fan through current transformers or Hall sensors to ensure the normal operation of the purification equipment. 2、 Intelligent warning and alarm function Real time warning for exceeding standards When the concentration of oil fumes, particulate m...

Functional characteristics of air micro stations

2025-08-06

As a miniaturized and intelligent air quality monitoring device, air micro stations have multiple advanced functional features and can meet diverse environmental monitoring needs. The following are the main functional features of air micro stations: 1. Real time monitoring 24/7 Continuous monitoring capability: Air micro stations can continuously monitor environmental air quality 24 hours a day, ensuring the continuity and integrity of data. Real time data update: With built-in high-precision sensors, air quality data is collected and uploaded in real-time, allowing users to view the latest monitoring results at any time. 2. Multi parameter comprehensive monitoring Pollutant monitoring: It can simultaneously monitor multiple air pollutants, including sulfur dioxide (SO ₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO ₂), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), PM2.5, PM10, and volatile organic compounds (TVOC). Meteorological parameter monitoring: It can expand the monitoring of meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric pressure) and environmental parameters such as noise, providing users with more comprehensive environmental data. 3. High precision and high reliability Advanced sensor technology: using high-precision sensors such as electrochemistry, laser scattering, and ...

Working principle of CEMS system

2025-08-06

The working principle of CEMS (Continuous Emission Monitoring System) is based on physical and chemical sensor technology, as well as data acquisition and transmission technology. Through sampling, preprocessing, analysis, data acquisition and transmission, it achieves continuous monitoring of flue gas emissions. The following is a detailed introduction to its working principle: 1、 Sampling and preprocessing Sampling: The CEMS system extracts flue gas samples from the flue through sampling probes. Sampling probes are usually equipped with ceramic or stainless steel filters to filter out dust in flue gas, preventing it from entering subsequent equipment and causing blockage and damage. Preprocessing: The extracted flue gas samples need to undergo pretreatment, including heating, transportation, filtration, and condensation steps. Heating and conveying are used to prevent condensation of water vapor in flue gas and avoid interference with subsequent analysis; Filtering is to further remove particulate matter from the flue gas; Condensation is used to lower the temperature of the flue gas for subsequent analysis. 2、 Gas analysis The preprocessed flue gas sample is sent to a gas analyzer for various component analyses, such as SO ₂, NOx, O ₂, etc. Gas analyzers use various technologies, including b...

Composition of VOCs online monitoring system

2025-08-06

The VOCs online monitoring system usually consists of a sampling unit, a preprocessing unit, a gas analysis unit, a data acquisition and transmission unit, an auxiliary unit, and monitoring software. Each unit works together to achieve real-time monitoring and data management of VOCs. The following is a detailed introduction to each component: 1. Sampling unit: Sampling probe: responsible for collecting gas samples from flue gas or air, usually made of high temperature and corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel to ensure normal operation in harsh environments. The sampling probe has a filtering function, which can preliminarily filter the particles in the flue gas to prevent them from entering the subsequent equipment and causing blockage and damage. Heat tracing pipeline: Due to the tendency of VOCs to condense into liquid form or adsorb on the inner wall of the pipeline at room temperature, the function of the heat tracing pipeline is to maintain the temperature of the gas, keeping it in a gaseous state for easy transmission and measurement. Heat tracing pipelines generally use heating wires or heat tracing pipes to maintain a constant temperature through a temperature control system. 2. Preprocessing unit: Dust removal device: removes impurities such as particulate matter and ...