Abstract
Under the concept of sustainable development, China has further increased its efforts to control natural environmental pollution. VOCs are common volatile organic compounds that are often produced in industrial production. From the perspective of physical and chemical properties, VOCs themselves have strong toxicity, as well as strong mobility and pollution, posing significant hazards to human health and the natural environment. This requires attention to the treatment of VOCs pollution in industrial production.
However, due to various factors, the effectiveness of industrial VOCs pollution control in China is not ideal, especially under a single pollution control method, it is difficult to quickly adsorb harmful substances in exhaust gas and achieve clean pollution control. A study shows that in China, nearly half of the cities have industrial VOCs exceeding level two, which causes significant pollution to the urban environment and seriously damages people's physical and mental health. Based on this, it is necessary to further optimize VOCs pollution control methods.
 

Characteristics and hazards of VOCs pollution from industrial sources

1. Characteristics of VOCs pollution from industrial sources
As an organic compound, VOCs themselves have strong toxicity and pollution, and their pollution and damage to the natural environment are relatively serious.
On the one hand, VOCs have a prominent characteristic of existence. When such pollutants exist in soil, their natural degradation is difficult, which can cause significant pollution to the surrounding soil and hydrology.
On the other hand, the mobility of VOCs further expands their pollution and impact on the environment. Studies have shown that VOCs in water and soil can enter the air through volatilization, which can easily cause photochemical pollution problems.
It is worth noting that at present, people do not have the technology to remove VOCs from the atmosphere in a short period of time, which makes the concentration of compounds in the atmosphere irreversible, seriously polluting the natural ecological environment and threatening people's physical and mental health.
2. The hazards of VOCs pollution from industrial sources At present, industrial VOCs pollution is mainly manifested at two levels:
Firstly, it poses a significant threat to the surrounding environment, which is closely related to the high toxicity, pollution, and migration of VOCs. At the same time, due to the difficulty of natural degradation of pollutants, its harm to the surrounding environment is characterized by sustainability.
Secondly, for the human body, once the emissions of VOCs from industrial sources exceed the range that the natural environment can tolerate, it will inevitably have an impact on people's living, learning, and working environments, posing a threat to human health. For example, when VOCs evaporate into the atmosphere and the concentration of VOCs in the atmosphere is high, it is easy to cause acute poisoning in the human body. At this time, the poisoned person often has problems such as headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and severe poisoning may result in coma and even life-threatening situations; So it is extremely crucial to handle industrial VOCs pollution effectively.
 

Problems in the treatment of VOCs pollution from industrial sources

Under the new economic form, people's awareness of environmental protection has been enhanced, and more and more people are paying attention to the protection and governance of the natural environment. From a government perspective, the Chinese government also advocates the path of sustainable development and requires the coordination of modern production and natural ecology in socio-economic development, thereby creating a healthy and comfortable living environment for people. This has to some extent pointed out the direction for the control of industrial VOCs pollution and effectively promoted the development of industrial VOCs pollution control work.
However, from the current situation of VOCs pollution control, there are still many problems, including:
Firstly, at present, although China has carried out VOCs control, there is a lack of early monitoring system for industrial VOCs pollution, which makes it difficult to detect VOCs pollution problems in a timely manner during production. Especially in industrial enterprises, due to the inability to monitor and detect VOCs pollution in a timely manner, the air around the factory is filled with unpleasant odors, and workers are exposed to this environment for a long time, breathing harmful gases, which causes significant damage to their respiratory, blood, liver and other systems.
Secondly, the treatment of VOCs pollution from industrial sources requires advanced basic equipment. However, at present, enterprises have limited investment in this area, which affects the quality of their own environmental governance.
Thirdly, it cannot be denied that the methods for controlling VOCs pollution in industrial production are still relatively backward at present, which has led to the spread of VOCs to various places and a serious problem of secondary pollution.
In the new era, to further improve the quality of VOCs pollution control, it is necessary to strengthen the early monitoring of pollutants, increase resource investment in VOCs control, and continuously innovate pollution control technologies.
 

Disposal methods for VOCs pollution control from industrial sources

1. Increase basic investment in pollution control
Under the new economic form, the scale of industrial production in China has further expanded, and the number of enterprises that generate VOCs pollution in actual production is gradually increasing. To achieve effective control of VOCs pollution from industrial sources, it is necessary to increase the basic investment in pollution control.
On the one hand, from the government level, environmental protection departments should increase basic investment in VOCs pollution control, further strengthen publicity and guidance, and deepen research on VOCs pollution control to create a good pollution control environment.
On the other hand, for enterprises, they should continuously upgrade equipment and innovate technology through basic investment. In this stage, not only energy-saving and environmentally friendly new equipment and technologies should be introduced, but also innovative equipment and technologies for VOCs pollution control should be developed to further enhance pollution control capabilities.
In addition, to reduce VOCs pollution at the source, it is necessary to actively seek clean energy sources such as solar and wind power to achieve effective substitution of traditional resources and energy.
2. Deepening the layout of Dong's industries and adjusting the foundation
Industrial layout has a profound impact on VOCs pollution. In the new era, in order to further reduce VOCs pollution and improve the quality of pollution control, it is also necessary to adjust the industrial structure and ensure a reasonable industrial layout.
Firstly, relevant government departments should improve the production principles for enterprise access through policy measures, and achieve a unified layout of industrial production and environmental management.
Secondly, in order to promote clean production in modern enterprises, the government should assist industrial enterprises in upgrading and adjusting their industries, especially actively promoting clean production and implementing energy-saving development strategies.
Finally, for enterprises with high energy consumption and serious pollution, government departments should strengthen supervision and rectification, order relevant enterprises to rectify, and for enterprises that do not meet pollution prevention and control standards, order them to close down.
This can achieve effective control of industrial VOCs pollution sources, reduce pollutant emissions, and enhance environmental protection effectiveness.
3. Establish strict VOCs emission standards Building a scientific and comprehensive legal system can provide effective guidance for the control of VOCs emissions from industrial sources. At the same time, the legal system is also the foundation for VOCs pollution control. In the new era, the construction of a legal system for VOCs pollution control from industrial sources should consider the following factors:
Firstly, before formulating a legal system for VOCs pollution control, a systematic analysis should be conducted on the current situation of industrial production and VOCs pollution in China, to understand the specific degree of VOCs pollution, and then set reasonable control goals, in order to demand a new balance point between economic development and environmental governance.
Secondly, in the construction of the VOCs pollution control system, attention should be paid to the systematicity and integrity of the legal system, that is, the newly formulated VOCs emission standards should be in line with existing legal norms such as China's Environmental Protection Law, GB16297-1996, GB14554-1993, etc., to ensure the coordination and unity of environmental pollution quality.
Thirdly, for the newly formulated VOCs emission standards, legal publicity should be increased to ensure that industrial enterprises can strictly implement these standards and achieve effective control of VOCs pollution.
4. Improve the VOCs pollution monitoring system VOCs pollution monitoring is the key to its later treatment. In the new era, attention should also be paid to the effective construction of VOCs pollution detection system.
On the one hand, VOCs pollution monitoring standards should be established to clarify the content of VOCs pollution monitoring, and then staff should be arranged to use line monitoring technology reasonably to monitor the pollution index and pollutant composition in the air of various regions, achieving effective determination of VOCs pollution situation.
On the other hand, for the detected VOCs pollutants, attention should be paid to the effective development of recovery plans. In the process of pollutant recovery, relevant work methods and procedures should be strictly followed to avoid the impact of pollutants on human health or further spread of pollutants.
It is worth noting that in pollutant monitoring, once the pollutant spreads, the location of the pollutant diffusion should be quickly determined and targeted treatment should be carried out.
5. Strengthening VOCs pollution control methods
Strengthening the application of pollution control methods is the key to VOCs pollution control. At present, activated carbon adsorption and condensation absorption methods are widely used in VOCs pollution control.
As for the adsorption of exhaust gas by activated carbon, it mainly uses activated carbon materials. When the adsorption of toxic substances in the air reaches saturation, it undergoes desorption treatment, that is, catalytic combustion after the exhaust gas is blown off. In this way, harmful substances will be converted into harmless substances. There are studies showing that the adsorption rate of activated carbon adsorption method can reach 99%, which can effectively achieve the effective adsorption of pollutants in the air. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires a large amount of activated carbon, which needs to be replaced with new activated carbon at regular intervals.
Condensation absorption method is a common VOCs pollution control method, which can degrade harmful substances in VOCs through specific condensation devices. This can to some extent achieve the separation and decomposition of exhaust gas and water, and has high pollution disposal efficiency. In the new era, the application of condensation method in VOCs pollution control should be further expanded to improve the overall treatment effect.
It is worth noting that in VOCs pollution control, effective detection of VOCs sources should also be emphasized. In the new era, VOCs pollution detection methods are gradually becoming more diverse, and some new technologies have significant advantages in VOCs pollution control, such as VOCs solid-phase microextraction, VOCs ultrasonic extraction, VOCs gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, etc.
Solid phase microextraction of VOCs requires steps such as extraction, concentration, desorption, and injection. The treatment process is easy to operate and has outstanding ecological benefits. As for VOCs ultrasonic extraction, it is widely used in the pre-treatment process of VOCs, which often requires specific mixed liquids to be mixed with pollutants.
In addition, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has high temperature requirements for VOCs disposal. For example, in the detection of VOCs pollutants in soil, the following requirements should be considered (see Table 1).

 

In the new era, further research should be conducted on the application mode of these methods in the treatment of industrial VOCs pollution, expanding their scope of application, and achieving the unity of pollutant disposal efficiency and quality.
 

Conclusion

Industrial VOCs pollution has significant hazards. Under the concept of sustainable development, people can only reduce the impact of VOCs pollution and promote the harmonious and stable development of society and ecology by fully recognizing the characteristics and hazards of VOCs pollution, building a new VOCs pollution control system based on its governance issues, and actively optimizing industrial VOCs pollution control methods.
Source: Monitoring center
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